Old

(1) Old [ Botany - Biology ]	Dictionary of botanic terminology - index of names
Synonyms: Aged, Older, Advanced in years, Mature, Adult, Ancient, Senescent, Senile, Superannuated

Having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age ― usually used in combination <a 3-year-old plant>

Advanced in years or age, may apply to either actual or merely relative length of existence.
Old age consists of ages nearing the average lifespan of a living beings, and thus the end of the organisms life cycle. Euphemisms for older organisms include advanced, adult, elderly, and senescent. Older animal and vegetal have usually lost most original attributes through age and have limited regenerative abilities, they are also more prone to disease, than other adults. For the biology of aging see Senescence.

(2) Old [ Botany - Biology ]	Dictionary of botanic terminology - index of names
Synonyms: Previouse, Past, Ex-, Former, Olden, Of old, Early, Ancient, Earlier, Earliest, Ancient, Primeval, Primordial, Prehistoric, Archaic,


1.	*Persisting from an earlier time, just preceding something else in time or order; <an old scar in the stem>*
2.	Of, relating to, or originating in a past era, archaic; <an old species> Implies having the character or characteristics of a much earlier time: <leaf in Opuntia are an old (archaic) character > See: Phylogenesis

(3) Old [ Botany - Biology ]


	Of a very early stage in development; < Old basal leaves > See: Ontogenesis

(4) Old [ Botany - Biology ]
Synonyms: Outdated, overused


	*Of long duration; not new, showing the effects of time or use; < an old trunk >*

(5) Old


	*No longer in use; < An old grafting methodology >*

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Holdfast roots [ Botany ]
Dictionary of botanic terminology - index of names

Some species of climbing plants develop holdfast roots which help to support the vines on trees, walls, and rocks. By forcing their way into minute pores and crevices, they hold the plant firmly in place.

Climbing plants, like the poison ivy (Toxicodendron radicans), Boston ivy (Parthenocissus tricuspidata), and trumpet creeper (Campsis radicans), develop holdfast roots which help to support the vines on trees, walls, and rocks. By forcing their way into minute pores and crevices, they hold the plant firmly in place. Usually the Holdfast roots die at the end of the first season, but in some species they are perennial. In the tropics some of the large climbing plants have hold-fast roots by which they attach themselves, and long, cord-like roots that extend downward through the air and may lengthen and branch for several years until they strike the soil and become absorbent roots.

Major references and further lectures:
1) E. N. Transeau “General Botany” Discovery Publishing House, 1994